Right, Congress is PART OF "The Government" and not "THE GOVERNMENT!"
So I am correct in saying, the 1st doesn't say what "THE GOVERNMENT" can do! It does say what a PART OF "The Government" is not to do, in this case, pass laws abridging free religion and speech. This is because free religion and speech are fundamentally endowed rights retained by man, not subject to Congressional oversight.
Let's recall what this argument began over. You argued there was no "freedom of speech" and the 1st merely applied to The Government. It doesn't apply to The Government. It applies to freedom of speech and religion and protects it from Congress, which is a part of the government. If the 1st merely applied to "the government" as you argued, then school prayer would be completely constitutional and couldn't be questioned, because a school is not "the government" and is not restricted by your interpretation of the 1st Amendment. In fact, any entity other than "the government" which wanted to force you to worship or deny you the right to speak, would be protected under the Constitutional interpretation you have assumed.