Certainly none of the supposed catastrophes of the last 50 years have ever occurred, which truly pissed off the climate alarmists. Have you ever noticed how the extreme cold events of the recent times are always weather, whilst any hot events are always unprecedented and certainly anthropogenic in origin?
Here is a paper that states that Southeast Greenland sea surface temperature were warmer than today in the 1940s.
Sea Surface Temperature Variability on the SE‐Greenland Shelf (1796–2013 CE) and Its Influence on Thrym Glacier in Nørre Skjoldungesund
Abstract
Heat transport via ocean currents can affect the melting of marine‐terminating glaciers in Greenland. Studying past changes of marine‐terminating glaciers allows assessing the regional sensitivity of the Greenland Ice Sheet to ocean temperature changes in the context of a warming ocean. Here, we present a high‐resolution multiproxy marine sediment core study from Skjoldungen Fjord, close to the marine‐terminating Thrym Glacier. Grain‐size data are obtained to reconstruct the calving activity of Thrym Glacier; sortable silt is used as a proxy for fjord water circulation, and sea surface temperatures (SSTs) are reconstructed from alkenone paleothermometry (Uk'37). Measurements of 210Pb, 137Cs, and 14C indicate that the core covers the past 220 years (1796–2013 CE). Comparisons with modeled SST data (Hadley Centre Sea Ice and SST) and instrumental temperatures (International Council for the Exploration of the Sea) suggest that the SST proxy record reflects temperature variability of the surface waters over the shelf and that alkenones are advected into the fjord. Additionally, average temperatures and the amplitude of fluctuations are influenced by alkenones advected from upstream the Irminger Current. We find that the SST record compares well with other alkenone‐based reconstructions from SE‐Greenland and thus features regional shelf water variability. The calving activity as well as the terminus position of Thrym Glacier did not seem to respond to the SST variability. Limited ice‐ocean interactions owing to the specific setting of the glacier would explain this. Instead, the fjord circulation may have been influenced by enhanced meltwater production as well as to larger scale changes in the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation.
1 Introduction
Observations during the 20th and 21st centuries show that most glaciers in SE‐Greenland underwent large fluctuations in the position of their termini. The coincidence between two distinct periods of climate warming and high retreat rates, one in the 1930s and a second in the early 2000s, suggest a common climate forcing (Bjørk et al., 2012; Khan et al., 2015; Straneo et al., 2012). Murray et al. (2010) proposed oceanic forcing as a common driver for the early 2000s glacier speedup and thinning in SE‐Greenland. Although multiple studies have demonstrated a link between increasing ocean temperatures and the retreat of marine terminating glaciers, the physical mechanisms involved in glacier mass loss are still unclear (Straneo & Heimbach, 2013). Despite the general common trend in termini fluctuations, historic observations reveal that individual glaciers can show umpteen responses to similar climatic forcing (Bjørk et al., 2012; Khan et al., 2015; Motyka et al., 2017; Straneo et al., 2012).
Improving predictions of the behavior of marine‐terminating glaciers in a future warmer climate requires a better understanding of the processes involved in ocean‐forced glacier melt. This can be accomplished via studies targeting past and present changes; however, instrumental observations of ocean temperature variability are scarce, locally restricted, and limited in duration. Fjord sediment cores usually provide high sedimentation rates allowing to extend environmental records beyond the instrumental time period at subdecadal to annual scale (Dowdeswell, 1987). In this study, we provide new ocean data representing the past 220 years in high detail (down to 1‐ to 2‐year sampling resolution) using a marine sediment core from Skjoldungen Fjord in SE‐Greenland (Figure 1). The proxy ocean data are compared with the available instrumental oceanographic temperature observations and other proxy temperature records from offshore SE‐Greenland.
https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1029/2019PA003692