According to the man who wrote the "general welfare clause" it means what is articulated specifically in Article 1 Section 8 of the Constitution, and can't possibly or logically mean anything else. This is the element you seem to be missing, or ignoring. Madison points out, there would be no purpose of the Constitution, if "general welfare" meant Congress has unfettered power to determine the definition. If the clause meant what you want to interpret it to mean, we could literally throw away the rest of the Constitution, as it would have little or no meaning at all. Congress can pass whatever law they please, as long as they determine it is for our "general welfare" to do so. That would be the only clause needed for any and all cases. But of course, the 'general welfare' clause isn't some mystical open-ended phrase, which can mean anything your liberal heart desires, it is qualified by an extensive list of specific enumerated powers in Article 1 Section 8.
(Excerpt) Congress may lay and collect taxes for the "common defense" or "general welfare" of the United States. The U.S. Supreme Court has not often defined "general welfare," leaving the political question to Congress. In United States v. Butler (1936), the Court for the first time construed the clause. The dispute centered on a tax collected from processors of agricultural products such as meat; the funds raised by the tax were not paid into the general funds of the treasury, but were rather specially earmarked for farmers. The Court struck down the tax, ruling that the general welfare language in the
Taxing and Spending Clause related only to "matters of national, as distinguished from local, welfare". Congress continues to make expansive use of the Taxing and Spending Clause; for instance,
the social security program is authorized under the Taxing and Spending Clause. (End)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Article_One_of_the_United_States_Constitution
So, a law that covers all citizens can be considered "national" and if such a law deals with the health of the citizens it's reasonable to conclude it has to do with their welfare. Health care = national welfare. (Enjoy the double entendre.)
Consider the pollution laws. Although mostly managed by States it is overseen by the EPA. Why pollution laws? Because pollution adversely affects citizen's welfare (health).
You wrote, "According to the man who wrote the "general welfare clause" it means what is articulated specifically in Article 1 Section 8 of the Constitution, and can't possibly or logically mean anything else." I counter that the framers couldn't possibly or logically have meant the Federal Government was prohibited from attempting to stop the needless deaths of tens of thousands of citizens each year even though such a scenario may have been beyond their current understanding.
Again, we go back to the Preamble. "It states in general terms, and courts have referred to it as reliable evidence of,
the Founding Fathers' intentions regarding the Constitution's meaning and what they hoped the Constitution would achieve."
So, what did they hope the constitution would achieve? "We the People of the United States, in Order to form
a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure
domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defence,
promote the general Welfare, and
secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America."
Can that be accomplished when one group of citizens sit idly by while another group needlessly suffer and die when help is readily available? The founding fathers had no idea how mass food production coupled with medicine/medical care would almost double the general life span. To propose the founding fathers' intention to form a more perfect country with domestic tranquility, promoting the general welfare and desiring that citizens secure the blessings of liberty encompassed watching tens of thousands of citizens needlessly die is beyond absurd.