Good Wikipedia article on Medicare. I'm only a consumer so I am quite ignorant of the higher plane policy matters but as a consumer I can tell you that any party that tried to dismantle Medicare would have a snowball's chance in Hell of being elected or of staying in office. The conservatives (Howard government, Fraser government) tried to dismantle Medicare for ideological reasons. Fraser got the boot and Hawke repaired Medicare. Howard fiddled with it to try and push more of us onto private health insurance but he wouldn't go too far because he knew he'd be booted. Well he got booted anyway, the lying little weasel. Labor is back in and Medicare is protected.