No, cows are not considered holy in Buddhism overall. Ask it if cows are "holy" in Theravada or Secular Buddhism... You'll get a different answer. I don't even know what form of Buddhism that cows would be considered any more sacred than any other lifeform. Maybe Tibetan Buddhism? I don't think even there they consider cows sacred...
Let me see what grok has to say about it:
Q: Is there a form of buddhism that thinks cows are "sacred"? It seems farfetched to me.
A: No, there is
no traditional school or lineage of Buddhism — Theravāda, Mahāyāna, Vajrayāna, Zen, Pure Land, or any historically recognized sect — that teaches cows are sacred, holy, or uniquely protected in the way Hinduism does.
You will not find a single canonical Buddhist text (Pāli Canon, Chinese Āgamas, Tibetan Kangyur/Tengyur, etc.) that:
- calls the cow sacred,
- prohibits beef on the grounds that the cow itself is holy,
- performs pūjā to cows,
- treats cow products (milk, urine, dung) as ritually purifying in the Hindu sense, or
- has any equivalent of go-sevā or go-pūjā.
What sometimes creates the impression are three very different phenomena—none of which actually make cows “sacred” in a Buddhist framework:
- Modern vegetarian/vegan Buddhist movements (especially in the West, Taiwan, or among some diaspora communities)Some groups (e.g., Tzu Chi Foundation, certain Fo Guang Shan temples, or Western “engaged Buddhist” circles) promote total vegetarianism or veganism for compassion reasons and may give extra symbolic attention to cows because of the strong Hindu cultural echo in the West. But even here the cow is not “sacred”; it’s just one suffering sentient being among many.
- Syncretism in Nepal and Himalayan border regionsIn places where Hinduism and Buddhism have lived side-by-side for centuries (especially among Newar Buddhists in the Kathmandu Valley or some Tamang/Gurung communities), you occasionally see Hindu practices (including cow veneration) mixed in at the folk level. Ethnically Buddhist families may still avoid beef out of cultural habit or respect for Hindu neighbors, but this is cultural, not doctrinal.
- Very recent “eco-Buddhist” or animal-liberation trendsA few contemporary teachers or small groups have started rituals of “liberating” cows (buying them from slaughter and letting them live out their lives). This is done as an act of compassion and generating merit, exactly the same way some Buddhists liberate fish, birds, or sheep. The cow still has no special ontological status; it’s just a conveniently large and visible animal to save.
So, in short:
No historical or canonical form of Buddhism has ever considered the cow sacred.Anyone claiming otherwise is almost certainly confusing Buddhism with Hinduism or projecting very recent, very marginal practices onto the whole tradition.