Fascism historian Federico Finchelstein publicly corrected Senator Mike Lee's characterization of fascism and Nazism, challenging the Utah Republican's claim that the two ideologies represent a form of socialism.
Lee posted on social media: "Fascism and Nazism aren't the opposite of socialism, as the modern left would have you believe. They *are* socialism."
Finchelstein, a leading historian of fascism, responded directly: "Historian of Fascism here. Pls read some history books. Fascism was an anti-socialist & anti-liberal ideology & while it appropriated vocabulary of the left—Nazism's official name was National Socialist German Workers' Party—it used it in the service of right-wing domination."
He added, "Those who simplify history to argue that fascism is socialism intentionally forget that fascism was about violently fighting socialism (& constitutional liberalism), while displacing concerns x social justice & class struggle & replacing them w/ nationalist & imperialist aggression."
Finchelstein's correction addresses a persistent revisionist claim about fascism's ideological origins. While the Nazi Party did incorporate "socialist" and "workers'" language in its official name, historians have thoroughly documented that this branding was deliberately misleading propaganda designed to attract working-class voters.
In practice, fascist regimes violently suppressed socialist and communist movements, imprisoned labor organizers, and dismantled independent unions—actions fundamentally incompatible with socialist ideology, which prioritizes worker control of production and elimination of class hierarchies.
Fascism's actual ideological foundations are centered on ultranationalism, authoritarian leadership, militarism, and hierarchical social organization—characteristics distinctly opposed to socialism's egalitarian goals.
