What policies of Clinton led to such wonderful numbers?
The tech/internet/biotech booms were underway prior to Clinton taking office. The jobs growth in the private sector was largely due to the boom that began in the 1980's under Reagan and then continuing under Bush Sr.
You think Clinton was responsible for the business investment, corporate profits and stock market growth? Please demonstrate what policies he enacted that led to these.
In short, no President ever enacted as much concrete and effective legislation as Bill Clinton to grow the economy, introduce fiscal responsibility, limit the growth of government, increase investment and make wealth for more Americans. He was a fiscal conservative, and in many ways, he had a more intelligent extension of many of Reagan's policies, finally moderated by people who actually understood economics and/or worked in high finance in the private sector. Before I list a few of these policies, I should first provide some context on what you are asking for, and how your approach is essentially counterfactual and, for lack of better words, "bitter".
I understand it is an "easy out" to consign a superlative economic record to some "tech/telecom/biotech revolution" or other unseen hand . Additionally, you could take the intellectually lazy stance that a President has no effect on the economy - it will grow or contract on its own largely free of government meddling. From the years of 1993 to 2000, America generated $90 trillion of economic output. Mathematically determining with absolute certainty what part of this growth is attributable to policy “x” or action “y” is something you cannot do – nor can I. What we
do know is that the US economy grew faster, longer and more equally under the Clinton administration than any other peacetime President, and that nearly every economic performance or budgetary metric you can count was, by design, better under Clinton than Reagan, and incomparably better than either Bush President.
Also, drop the old “it was a boom that started under Reagan” crap. That crashed in 1989. An economy doesn’t increase by 60% because of a "tech/telecom/biotech" boom – from someone who claims to be so adept at economics, you need to brush up on your math (these industries were fractional components of this growth; less than 15%, if you believe the BEA).
The good news for you is that much of this was only possible with a relatively moderate GOP congress agreeing to Clinton's policies. The bad news for you is that at the end of the day, they were his policies, and both in perception and reality, he will get credit. Clinton surrounded himself with a superb set of economic advisors (Rubin, Summers, etc.), was pragmatic enough to break from the more stupid parts of Liberal orthodoxy on economic matters, and enacted a concerted, philosophically coherent, and ultimately very effective economic policy that coincided with unprecedented growth and budgetary discipline. You might think it was completely uncorrelated, but the vast majority of economists (to say nothing of people in the financial markets) would probably disagree with you. I know I would.
In regards to your request for “policies that benefitted your economy”, why don’t we focus on “the big 5” – it will help dust off your brain a bit:
Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1993: The cornerstone where you have to start, Bro. A well-crafted budget bill that raised the top marginal income tax rate to 39.6%, introduced gas taxes, limited the Medicare cap, and introduced new corporate and Social Security taxes. OMB has estimated this alone added between $160-$290B a year in increased tax revenues – but perhaps most importantly, it limited government borrowing. If you are indeed able to “crush people in economics”, you are probably familiar with the correlation between investment, inflation and fiscal stability in advanced economies – and the relatively small effect that tax cuts have on economic growth (I’ll gladly link you some academic papers by people much smarter than you who do this for a living if you need a refresher). The economic recovery started in February 1991, but accelerated significantly after the passage of this bill. It restored confidence in the American budget (see the post 1993 bond market), and combined with Clinton’s impressive cut of government spending growth, eventually balanced the budget. Perhaps his single boldest and best accomplishment from a policy standpoint
Free Trade: (NAFTA, MFN, et. al) A concerted policy that encouraged the growth of high-paying export-related jobs (they pay about 20% more on average), provided the American consumer with cheaper goods (limits inflation, increases economic activity) and allowed increased economic specialization and labor transformation. Forced low-skilled labor to go get high skilled. Increased the overall size of the economy through commerce (something you might have learned in Freshman year economics). Remember, this was passed primarily with GOP votes. You should like it.
Fiscal policy / endorsing Alan Greenspan: Bubba not only re-appointed the Republican Greenspan to the Fed, but worked in concert with him on budgetary and economic initiatives to an extent the Bush never did. When combined with the now excellently-managed budget, the expansionary policies led to a dramatic increase in investment, consumption, economic growth and lower interest rates (you can look it up). Clinton’s council of economic advisers and his appointments to the FED were on the same page, and it worked. Mr. Greenspan said it best – “Bill Clinton is the best Republican President we’ve had in awhile”. You could borrow money, invest money…. Part of the reason the “bull market” actually started in 1993 and started exponential growth in late 1994 (you can look at an S&P chart through Google).
Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Act: Welfare Reform. 56% reduction in welfare caseload. 75% of those formerly on welfare are working. The Poverty rate under Bubba declined from 15.1 to 11.8% - 7 million people. Surely, you can see the benefit of this one, right?
Taxpayer Relief and Balanced Budget Acts of 1997: A cataloged reduction of $160B in government spending (mostly via Medicare) – along with a reduction in capital gains taxes from 27% to 20%, tax credits for the middle class, home and farm exemptions, and inheritance tax reforms. When you are in the midst of the best economic growth ever, why not add some fuel to the fire, eh? Another reason we had a budget surplus, apparently…….
Yes, it would be silly to assign every economic benefit we had in the 1990s to a very convincing lawyer from Arkansas. But you need to swallow your pride – he had an excellent economic policy, an superlative economic record, and people from both business and academia rightly assign him a good deal of this credit. It was a time when the country was run by smart people, not shithead, Bible-thumping congressmen from the South or Valerie Jarret. And it worked.
Care to debunk the “big 5”? The burden is on you this time, chief.