You fail to see that the only reason it would be morally legitatmate to "own" a class of people would be if that Class of people were inferior to you.
Well, Congress passed the laws and said the slaves were property, were they racists?
Now I understand that many, in fact MOST people of the time did not believe black people to be of the same caliber of white people.
The overwhelming and vast majority felt this way. Keep in mind, the science of the time, still held to the belief that Africans simply had not "evolved" to the level of the white man, and this was often cited as the proof of evolution theory. It would take several more decades for research to reveal there was no difference in race, from mental development standpoints, capacity of intelligence, etc. So, the people of the time were going on the information available and the popular consensus of society, as well as the scientific community.
But there were groups, who fought slavery for that very reason.
The Quakers were one such group! The morality of slavery is helplessly intertwined with the race issue.
The morality WAS the issue! This is what I am trying to get you to understand, it wasn't about whether you believed blacks and whites were equal, it was about whether you thought it was right to own humans. They are two completely different debates in 1864.
The only reason Slavery should be legal would be if a group of people were "sub-human" like a dog.
Slavery was legal because our Founding Fathers allowed for it, and made it legal, as well as every Congress up until emancipation. Slaves were not considered sub-human like a dog, more like horses. They were deemed "property" by the legislators of the United States (aka: The Union).
Saying the civil war was not about racial prejudice is like saying Row v. Wade was not about abortion.
It had nothing to do with racial prejudice, if it had, this issue would have been settled by the war, and we would have enacted the Civil Rights Act of 1865! We didn't do this, did we? No, we didn't! The slavery issue did not deal with racial equality issues at all, they are two completely different arguments in 1864. I realize, in today's world, it is easy to think they were the same thing, but that is simply being ignorant of the time period. Virtually no one in America, really and truly felt, that black slaves were equivalent to white people. This was a very radical view for that time, regardless of which side of the Mason-Dixon you were on. Lincoln once suggested, upon abolition, we could ship all of the slaves back to Africa. He didn't advocate or support the idea of a homogeneous society, where blacks and whites were treated as equals.
The cause of the civil war may not have been the moral issue of slavery, but it turned on that point. The reason behind the R v. W decision may not have been about the right to privacy, it just turned on that point!
I don't get the analogy to Roe, this is entirely different. We fought the most bloody war of our history, and most Americans are clueless about it. The overwhelming issue of the Civil War became about abolition of slavery, frankly, out of political desperation on the part of Lincoln. As much as you ride on Bush, imagine if Bush had caused a Civil War? People were pissed at Lincoln, and as the body counts soared, the got even more pissed at him. This all had started because he was indifferent to the unfair advantages given to Northern industries and labor, while burdening Southern agriculture with tariffs and restrictions.
To give you an idea of where slavery played a role from the South's perspective, I can compare it with those who feel we don't need to deport illegal aliens, because they are doing the jobs no American wants to do. This was the situation in the South, in the lead-up to the Civil War. Their entire agricultural economics, depended on slave labor to produce their product, this had been legal for years, the US government was okay with it, there had been no attempt to change it, until the Abolitionist movement. Suddenly, you had the federal government signaling they may abolish your means of production, and... tough cookies, you are on your own.
Now, think about that for a moment. Is it fair for government to tell the producers of cotton, we are going to ban your method of producing your product, we don't have a solution for you, it's up to you to find a way to survive without this vital element of your operation? This was the issue for the South. There was an old Rebel battle cry, "fight or die" and that was literally what was at stake for the South, their entire economic base was at stake.
Another important thing to remember here, at this point in time, we had already outlawed any slave imports from foreign countries, the only slave trade in America, was internal. Society was changing from the inhumane mindset of the 1600's, and total abolition was inevitable at some point. There were many Southern Abolitionists, and it was a moral issue entirely. Many Southern plantations had already granted freedom to their slaves, and many of those same free slaves, went and fought for the Confederacy.
In summary, it wasn't so much about Slavery, as a racial issue, as it was a moral and economic issue. Racism is believing one race superior or inferior to another, and unfortunately, most of American society in 1864, was racist in their views.
To take the history from 1864, and view it through the prism of 2006, and apply the 1964 "effect" filters... is a little disingenuous. Slavery, as it pertains to the Civil War, has nothing to do with Racism, or racial equality.