????....post #50.....I subtracted 78 (the percentage of non union underground coal mines) from 100 (the percentage of all underground coal mines).....the result was 22 (the percentage of union underground coal mines.......
You are using the statistics from one study and applying them to a different study, taken during different decades.
Albert Camus said: "It is the job of thinking people not to be on the side of the executioners"
Did you READ the article you posted? If you did, there is no possible way you could conclude union miners are at greater risk.
Excerpt:
Small, non-union mines generally pay less, cheat more on dust tests and don't have union stewards demanding compliance with costly safety regulations, according to miners, safety advocates, academic studies and The Courier-Journal's computer analysis of 24,380 federal dust records.
For those reasons, the mines survive tough economic times better than the large, unionized companies that once dominated the coalfields.
And the result is miners at small, non-union operations are more likely to develop black-lung disease than miners at large mines.
"I won't say that every non-union mine cheats on its dust sampling, but I'd sure like to see one that doesn't," said Tony Oppegard, directing attorney of the Mine Safety Project, a Lexington-based legal-aid organization devoted to helping miners.
UNION VS. NON-UNION
Miners reluctant to act with no workplace voice
Last year, 78 percent of the nation's underground coal mines -- and 96 percent in Kentucky -- were non-union.
Operators of union mines who scrimp on safety must deal with determined union stewards, who often call government inspectors if a problem isn't corrected.
Non-union miners who complain are often fired and blackballed, which makes it almost impossible to get another job in a nearby mine, miners said. So most don't complain.
The result is a dramatic difference in working conditions between union and non-union mines. Rates of deaths and serious injuries from accidents and black lung are all higher in small mines, which are usually non-union, than in large, often-unionized mines, according to government studies presented at a 1994 conference on small mines. These studies define small mines as those with fewer than 50 workers.