On the need for a nationalist element in fascism.
Let's go a little further back and look at the requirements for definition.
"In Aristotle’s logical works, he creates a theory of definition. According to Aristotle, the best way to create a definition is to find the proximate group in which the type of thing resides. For example, humans are a type of thing (species) and their proximate group is animal (or blooded animal). The proximate group is called the genus. Thus the genus is a larger group of which the species is merely one proper subset. What marks off that particular species as unique? This is the differentia or the essential defining trait. In our example with humans the differentia is “rationality.” Thus the definition of “human” is a rational animal. “Human” is the species, “animal” is the genus and “rationality” is the differentia. "
http://www.iep.utm.edu/a/aris-bio.htm
Using Aristotle's model of definition we must firstly find the proximate group and then the differentia.
So what are the criteria of the proximate group for these negative regimes? They are all oppressive, dictatorial, totalitarian and expansionist.
And what is the differentia between these negative regimes? With the Soviet Communism species it is slavish devotion to the proletariat's revolution, with monarchy it is slavish devotion to the whims of the monarch, with theocracy it is slavish devotion to the doctrine of religion.
With this in mind, what is the differentia for fascism? What seperates this species from other oppressive, dictatorial, totalitarian and expansionist ideologies?
On the nature of Nationalism.
Can the fervent nature of a religious empire united under a reglious banner be deemed to be nationalism?
Consider this definition of nationalism:
"Nationalism is an ideology which holds that a nation is the fundamental unit for human social life, and take precedence over any other social and political principles. Nationalism makes certain political claims based upon this belief; above all, the claim that the nation is the only legitimate basis for the state, and that each nation is entitled to its own state."
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nationalism
Using this definition it is extremely difficult to see a religious empire as a nationalist organisation, because by the definition of nationalism no other social or political principles can over-ride that of the nation state. In a religious empire, any notion of the nation is subordinate to religious doctrine. Nationalism sees the nation as the only legitimate basis for the state, the Khalifate sees religious doctrine.
Fervent belief in an ideology can be seen in this case as the proximate group, but the nation / religious doctrine is the differentia in this matter.