Despite utilizing vast superiority in numbers and armaments, the past twelve months have seen Putin's forces claw back only around 1,609 square miles—chiefly in Donbas, which is a mere 0.69 percent of Ukrainian territory. This territorial expansion has come at an appalling human cost; Ukraine's Ministry of Defence estimates Russia's military casualties last year exceeded 430,000, despite Putin's forces being bolstered by North Korean troops.