No, coats and such reduce the rate of heat transfer between two points of matter. Q = m(T1 - T2)
There is no such thing as 'heat transfer'. Heat IS transfer. You are being redundant.
I guess you are ignoring 'm' (which the conductive heat index, which is reduced for thermal insulators such as coats and blankets).
Coats and blankets work by reducing heat. Think of them as higher value resistors, reducing current or as a small pipe causing more resistance to flow than a large one. It's the same principle.
Putting a coat or a blanket on a rock does not make the rock warmer. Putting a resistor in a dead circuit does not reduce any current. Again, the same principle applies.
The human body is 'warm blooded', in other words, we regulate our own body temperature, using the food we eat as the power source. Most of our metabolism is dedicated to maintaining body temperature. It does have only a limited amount of capability to do that. Our bodies heat the environment around us (except on very hot days). Because of this, it's easy on colder days and environments to exceed the body's ability to heat itself. Coats and blankets are the solution. By reducing heat, they also reduce the amount of energy we need to expend to maintain our own body heat. It's like getting a battery to last longer by reducing the current using resistors. You are not warmed by a blanket because your body heat is regulated. We don't use blankets and coats on hot days because that reduces heat too much, overwhelming the body's ability to cool itself. Over temperature can be deadly. We call it 'heat stroke'. Under temperature can be deadly. We call it 'exposure'.
Other critters, such as snakes, lizards, insects, etc. are 'cold blooded', meaning they don't regulate their own body temperature. Such critters are essentially 'solar powered', basking in the Sun to warm up, and conserving their energy expenditure as much as possible. The little food they DO eat does get converted into warmer temperature, but it's not a regulated body heat. Putting a blanket on them WILL reduce heat for them too, meaning they will actually be warmer, but they really don't care much.
Again, putting a blanket or coat on a rock does not heat the rock.
Now let's turn to CO2 again. CO2 happens to be a good thermal conductor (it's value of 'm' is higher'). This is one of the reasons it makes a good fire extinguisher. It not only supplants oxygen from getting to the fire, it chills the burning material (breaking the fire triangle in two places!) and leaves no lasting residue. It can be used on A, B, C, and K fires as well as some class D fires. They are my preferred fire extinguisher for all installations for this reason. The only downside is that it requires a sturdier tank.
The space around Earth is an excellent thermal insulator. Effectively, thermal conduction does not occur in space. As far as the Church of Global Warming is concerned, thermal conductivity and coats and blankets are just strawmen arguments.