Socialism is an oligarchy
Capitalism is a plutocracy
However, Putin is neither, is authoritarian.
He is not run by an oligarchy
The oligarchy may run the nations business but Putin has full control
Redefinition fallacies.
Neither socialism or capitalism is a form of government.
Socialism comes in three major forms:
* Communism, or government ownership of markets,
* Fascism, or government manipulation of markets,
* Slavery, or ownership of men and their labor.
An oligarchy is a dictatorship by committee. The current form of government in Russia is oligarchy.
Putin is the leader, and also lead oligarch. He does have a lot of control (it's almost a dictatorship) but he does work through and guide the committee.
Capitalism is not a plutocracy because it is not a form of government. It needs no government at all to function. It is the only economic system that creates wealth. All forms of socialism steal wealth. Indeed, socialism could not exist without capitalism to steal from. When socialism runs out of places to steal from, it collapses (that already happened more than once in Russia, the most recent being the fall of the USSR.
Every nation has socialism and capitalism within it. The States of America are no exception. Neither is Russia. Neither is China. ALL of these nations have capitalism and socialism within them.
Because people don't like their wealth stolen, socialism is typically implemented with oppressive governments like dictatorships and oligarchies.
The current form of the 'federal' government is oligarchy (government by committee).
The current form of government for each of the remaining States is a republic (government by law, in other words, a constitution).
The current form of the government of the SDTC (formerly California) is dictatorship.
The current form of the government of Canada is dictatorship.
The current form of the government of the UK is oligarchy.
Some oligarchies (such as the EU) are very close to being a dictatorship (government by fiat, using a king or other title for the Grand Poubah).
A plutocracy is government by the wealthy. It typically takes the form of an oligarchy or dictatorship.
A theocracy is government by God. Since God is not personally running any nation at this time, this typically takes the form of someone that claims to speak for God (such as a grand high priest or some other similar title). This form of government is typically a dictatorship. If and when God DOES reign personally on the Earth and personally becomes the leader of a nation, that form of government would be a dictatorship (but a benevolent one, presumably).
Do not confuse forms of economic systems with forms of government. They are two and completely separate things.