America fell into depressions that were more brutal than the Great Depression with barter and currencies backed by gold. Europe had the dark ages, partly because of barter and currencies backed by gold. It was hardly an enlightened, or free time.
The Great Depression was not caused by any currency. None of the other depressions were caused by it either.
They were caused by just a few reasons:
* plagues
* theft on a massive scale
* war
* over speculation (gambling)
* weather
All of these cause a disruption of markets...the real cause of any depression or economic downturn.
The Great Depression, for example, involved theft on a massive scale. The economic downturn that preceded it (the so called Black Monday) was caused by over speculation.
The Dot Com crash was caused by over speculation.
The Real Estate crash was caused by over speculation.
The current depression is caused by theft on a massive scale (blaming a so-called plague for it).
One of the worst depressions to ever hit Europe was caused by weather (and later the Black Death, which killed half the population of Europe, because they had no treatment for it at the time).
The Franc crashed, causing an economic downturn in France, was due to war (the Napoleonic war).
The Mark crashed, causing an economic downturn in Germany, was due to war (and the disaster of the Treaty of Versailles).
The so-called Gold Crash, was actually just governments running out of money, since they wasted it on war. One by one they turned to fiat currencies, outlawing gold and silver, because they were broke. People accepted it because of the depression caused by war.