What Is Ivermectin?
Ivermectin is a
medication that treats some parasitic diseases. There are two types: one that doctors prescribe for certain health conditions in people and another that veterinarians prescribe, which is safe only for animals.
When ivermectin was first discovered in the 1970s, it was used only on animals because it kills some internal and external parasites that affect livestock as well as companion animals such as horses and dogs. Then in the 1980s, it was approved to treat some parasitic infections in people.
Ivermectin is a medication that treats some parasitic diseases. There are two types of the medication. Doctors prescribe one kind for certain health conditions in people, and veterinarians prescribe another that’s safe only for animals. (Photo Credit: E+/Getty Images)
How Does Ivermectin Work?
Ivermectin is a type of anthelmintic, which is a medicine that kills parasites such as worms. It works by interfering with the nerve and muscle functions of parasitic worms. It paralyzes the parasites or inactivates their gut, which kills them.
Depending on the condition being treated, your doctor may prescribe ivermectin either in tablet form or topical form, such as a cream.
What Does Ivermectin Treat in Humans?
In people, the FDA has approved prescription ivermectin tablets to treat two infections caused by parasitic worms:
- Strongyloidiasis, which people usually get from contact with contaminated soil. It can cause problems such as belly pain, bloating, heartburn, diarrhea, and rashes. However, if you have strongyloidiasis, you may not have any symptoms.
- Onchocerciasis, which is spread through blackfly bites. Also called river blindness, this infection can bring on an itchy rash, vision loss, and abnormal growths under the skin.
AD
Sometimes, doctors also prescribe a type of ivermectin that you put on your skin (called a topical medication) to treat
head lice and skin conditions such as
rosacea. For
scabies, your doctor may prescribe either tablets or topical ivermectin.
Ivermectin for Animals
In animals, ivermectin can help prevent and treat
parasites. It is used to treat gastrointestinal worms in horses, cattle, pigs, and other livestock, as well as lungworms, lice, mites, and grubs in certain animals. In dogs and cats, ivermectin is used to prevent heartworm.
Veterinary ivermectin comes in different formats, including a paste, pour-on liquid, injectable, and chewable. It’s dangerous for humans to take any drug made for animals, including ivermectin. A dose meant for a big animal such as a horse or cow (which can weigh 2,000 pounds or more) can be toxic or deadly for a person. Also, some inactive ingredients in ivermectin made for animals might not be safe for people.
AD
Ivermectin for COVID-19
The FDA has not approved ivermectin to treat or prevent the illness caused by the
coronavirus.
Through professional medical studies called
clinical trials, scientists have been studying ivermectin to find out whether it can treat COVID. But according to the FDA, the data available from these clinical trials doesn’t show that ivermectin is effective against COVID. The FDA, CDC, Infectious Diseases Society of America, and World Health Organization say you shouldn’t take ivermectin for COVID unless you’re enrolled in one of these clinical trials.
The best way to protect yourself and your loved ones from the coronavirus is to get vaccinated. The COVID
vaccines are approved for everyone aged 6 months and older. They’re generally safe and effective, with the benefits outweighing any risks.
The same can’t be said about taking ivermectin for COVID. If you’re not under a doctor’s care, it’s possible to take too much and
overdose, which can lead to
seizures,
coma, and death.
People who have self-medicated with ivermectin made for animals have required medical attention, including hospitalization, according to the FDA. In July 2021, some poison control centers received five times as many calls about people experiencing side effects from taking ivermectin than they did before the pandemic.
AD
Ivermectin Side Effects
At doses that doctors usually prescribe for people, ivermectin can have side effects such as:
- Constipation
- Diarrhea
- Headache
- Pain in your stomach
- Muscle pain or stiffness
- Difficulty moving
- Joint pain
- Reduced appetite
- Nausea or vomiting
- Tenderness in your neck, armpit, or groin
- Shaky movements (tremors)
Call your doctor right away if you’re taking prescription ivermectin and notice severe side effects such as:
- Any allergic reaction such as a rash, itching, hives, or swelling of your face, lips, or tongue
- Trouble breathing
- Vision changes
- Chest pain
- Fast, irregular heartbeat
- Confusion
- Eye pain, redness, or swelling
- Dizziness or fainting
- Fever
- Skin that gets red, blisters, peels, or loosens
- Seizures
- Peeing or pooping that you can’t control
- New swelling of the arms, feet, ankles, or lower legs
- Unusual tiredness or weakness
Learn more about the drug ivermectin, including the conditions it treats, what side effects it may have, and whether it’s approved to treat COVID-19.
www.webmd.com